down
down
1 n (fine hair) laika, malaika; manyoya laini (ya makinda ya ndege); ndevu laini (za kwanza za kijana). downy adj laini, -ororo, -a laika.down
2 adv 1 (with vv of motion) chini the flag was hauled ~ bendera ilishushwa chini come ~ shuka. 2 (with vv of motion) lala; anguka chini the boxer knocked his opponent ~ mwanamasumbwi alimwangusha chini mpinzani wake. 3 (with vv indicating change of stance but not of position in space) kuelekea/kwenda sit ~ kaa chini/kitako bend ~ inama. 4 (with vv indicating position or state) kuwa katika hali ya kushuka Juma isn't ~ yet Juma hajawa tayari kushuka there are no lights in the streets because the lamp posts are ~ taa za mitaani haziwaki kwa sababu nguzo zote zimeanguka chini. 5 kutoka sehemu maarufu zaidi kwenda sehemu isiyo maarufu. 6 (with vv to indicate reduction to a smaller volume, less degree etc.) the tyre is ~ tairi halina upepo the storm has died ~ dhoruba imetulia the fire is burning ~ moto unafifia the price of fish is ~ bei ya samaki imeshuka. 7 (with reference to writing) write the address ~ andika anwani (kwenye karatasi) put me ~ andika jina langu, niandikishe. 8 kuanzia wakati wa nyuma hadi baadaye the history of phonology ~ to Chomsky historia ya fonolojia hadi kufikia wakati wa Chomsky. 9 (include the lower limit in a series) kuanzia kiwango cha chini katika mfululizo from old men ~ to small children kuanzia wazee hadi watoto wadogo. 10 (used in various phrases) D ~ with hatutaki. up and ~ huku na huko. money/cash ~ n arubuni. ~ payment n malipo ya kwanza (arubuni). be ~ and out (colloq) tolewa nje kwa kuangushwa chini (katika masumbwi), shindwa kurudi katika pambano la masumbwi. get ~ to business anza kuchangamkia kazi. be ~ on somebody chukia mtu. ~ in the dumps (colloq) katika sura ya majonzi. ~ on one's luck patwa na mikasa. come ~ in the world shuka hadhi. come ~ on somebody karipia. ~ to earth -enye kuhusika na mambo halisi. turn upside ~ geuza juu chini. hunt/track ~ winda, saka. ~ with umwa, ugua. be ~ for andikishwa kwa prep 1 (direction) chini tears ran ~ his face machozi yalimtiririka usoni. 2 (position) mbele; kusini Kilwa is further ~ the coast Kilwa iko kusini zaidi ya mwambao. 3 (time) all ~ the ages toka zamani. (fig) (colloq) all ~ the line pote fall ~ a hole anguka kwenye shimo run ~ the hill shuka mlima (kwa kukimbia) cut ~ the middle kata katikati pace up and ~ the room tembea huku na huko chumbani n ups and ~s mema na mabaya. have a ~ on him mchukie. vt (a drink) gugumia. ~ tools -goma kazi. ~ beat n (music) pigo la kwanza. ~ cast adj 1 -enye huzuni, -zito be ~ cast vunjika (moyo). 2 (of eyes) -a kutazama chini. down-draught n mjongeo wa gesi, hewa kuelekea chini. downfall n 1 maanguko, maangamizi; (~ of rain) mvua nyingi. 2 ushinde. ~-grade vt teremsha cheo/ hadhi/umuhimu. ~-hearted adj -enye huzuni,-enye kuvunjika moyo. downhill adj -a kuja/ kwenda chini, -a kuteremka mlima chini. (fig) adv go ~hill haribikiwa. downpour n mvua kubwa. ~ town adv (US) mjini; katika/kuelekea sehemu ya chini ya mji; sehemu iliyo na shughuli nyingi za kibiashara. downtrodden adj -a kudhulumiwa; -a kuonewa; -a kudhalilishwa. downward adj 1 -a kwenda chini, -a kuteremka. 2 (of price) -a kushuka; (of a commodity)-a kushuka thamani. be on the ~ path elekea uharibifu; fifia. down-at-heel adj 1 (of shoes) -liyochakaa. 2 (kwa mtu) liyevaa nguo zilizochanika.